#0912 - Working as a Lobbyist, - Ang, mater, ESL Podcast McQuillan Jeff mp3+PDF

#0912 - Working as a Lobbyist

#0912 - Working as a Lobbyist, - Ang, mater, ESL Podcast McQuillan Jeff mp3+PDF

[ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]
//-->English as a Second Language Podcastwww.eslpod.comESL Podcast 912 – Working as a LobbyistGLOSSARYlobbyist– a person who works with elected representative and tries to get themto vote a certain way or create a certain type of law* It seems wrong for lawmakers to spend more time with lobbyists than with thepeople who live in their state.to picture– to imagine something in a certain way; to have an image in one’smind of how something appears or how something is* I always pictured you becoming a famous actor or musician, not an accountant.pushy– forceful and assertive, insisting on getting one’s way* Why do car salesmen have to be so pushy? Negotiating with them is reallyuncomfortable.corrupt– lying or cheating to benefit in some way, usually be getting moremoney or a powerful position* What can we do to get rid of corrupt politicians who give the best jobs to thepeople who’ve donated money to their campaigns?underhanded tactics– unfair, dishonest ways of doing something* Our competitors are using underhanded tactics to try to get our clients to switchto their services.powers of persuasion– one’s ability to change other people’s opinions ordecisions by telling them that something is a better or more attractive option* Marsha, you’ve been dating Tassyer for a while. Can you use your powers ofpersuasion to get him to accept our proposal?legislator– a person who is elected to a government position and is responsiblefor working with others to make laws* Drew’s uncle is a legislator, but I can’t remember whether he’s a member of theU.S. Senate or the House of Representatives.to sway– to persuade; to present facts or arguments that make someonechange an opinion or belief* Judges aren’t supposed to allow themselves to be swayed by public opinion.favorable– advantageous; beneficial; useful and helping* We’re hoping for a favorable outcome, but we have to be prepared for theworst.1These materials are copyrighted by the Center for Educational Development (2013). Posting ofthese materials on another website or distributing them in any way is prohibited.English as a Second Language Podcastwww.eslpod.comESL Podcast 912 – Working as a Lobbyistto represent– to speak or act on behalf of an organization or a person who isnot present* I’m the attorney for Acme Corporation and represent the company’s interests.spokesperson– a person who is authorized to speak to the public and/or themedia on behalf of an organization* Mariah agreed to speak with the reporter only if he didn’t use her name, sinceshe wasn’t an official spokesperson for the company.private sector– businesses; the part of the economy that is not controlled by thegovernment and is not not-for-profit* After 20 years of working for nonprofit organizations, Keith has decided to lookfor jobs in the private sector.special interest group– an organization in a particular industry where relatedbusinesses work together to gain new knowledge, change laws, organizeconferences, raise public awareness, and more* Did you read the latest report about the benefits of offering prepaid electricity?It’s based on a study conducted by a special interest group.advocate– to speak on behalf of a group of people and say what should bedone or how society should change to benefit those people* Jamil is an advocate for children and is trying to get laws passed to protectthem.conflict of interest– a situation where one’s personal and public interests orvalues are in disagreement, making it difficult or impossible for one to make a fairdecision* As the head of the university’s admissions committee, Tiana had a conflict ofinterest when she was asked to review her niece’s application.let’s say– a phrase used to introduce a hypothetical situation or an example* I know you think stealing is wrong, but let’s say your children were starving.Would you steal a loaf of bread for them?gun for hire– a person who is hired to kill someone or to handle some otherdifficult or challenging project or problem* The company is looking for a gun for hire who can help them through thedifficult merger.2These materials are copyrighted by the Center for Educational Development (2013). Posting ofthese materials on another website or distributing them in any way is prohibited.English as a Second Language Podcastwww.eslpod.comESL Podcast 912 – Working as a LobbyistCOMPREHENSION QUESTIONS1.a)b)c)2.a)b)c)Why does Cody think of lobbyists as being pushy?Because he thinks they are former athletes.Because he thinks they are persistent and won’t accept ‘no’ for an answer.Because he thinks they are uneducated.Why does Jada describe herself as a gun for hire?Because she’s willing to do things that are illegal.Because she’ll do difficult jobs for her clients.Because she’s able to kill people for money.______________WHAT ELSE DOES IT MEAN?to swayThe verb “to sway,” in this podcast, means to persuade, or to present facts orarguments that make someone change an opinion or belief: “How did youpersuade Grandpa to let you borrow his car?” Or, “Jenna has decided to move toMontana and I doubt if she can be swayed.” The verb “to sway” also means tomove slowly and gently from side to side: “The treed branches swayed in thewarm summer wind.” Or, “They closed their eyes and gently swayed to themusic.” Finally, the phrase “to hold sway” means to have power or influence overothers: “The church rules simply don’t hold sway over young people like theyused to.”let’s sayIn this podcast, the phrase “let’s say” is used to introduce a hypothetical situationor an example: “Let’s say you won a million dollars in the lottery. How would youspend it?” The phrase “to say a few words” means to make a short speech:“Jesse was asked to say a few words, but then he ended up speaking for almosthalf an hour and the audience became restless.” The phrase “to say a lot about(something)” means to show something clearly or to have a significant meaning:“The way Bret ran to help his neighbors during the flooding says a lot about hisgood character.” Finally, the phrase “What do you say?” is used to ask ifsomeone agrees to something: “Let’s go to the concert together. What do yousay?”3These materials are copyrighted by the Center for Educational Development (2013). Posting ofthese materials on another website or distributing them in any way is prohibited.English as a Second Language Podcastwww.eslpod.comESL Podcast 912 – Working as a LobbyistCULTURE NOTEGovernment Officials Working as LobbyistsA “revolving door” is a round door divided into four “compartments” (sections)that slowly move in a circle, so that people can enter and exit a building withouttouching the door. In politics, a “revolving door” describes the way in which manyelected politicians accept jobs in private business or lobbying “firms” (businesses;companies) and “vice versa” (the other way around, too).Some laws “restrict” (place limits on) when government officials can acceptcertain types of jobs. For example, a law might state that a government officialresponsible for “selecting” (choosing) “contractors” (companies that perform workin exchange for payment) cannot work for that contractor for at least one year.However, these laws do not apply to everyone.For example, Dick Gephardt, who served in the United States House ofRepresentatives for the State of Missouri from 1977 to 2005, has benefited a lotfrom the revolving door. Immediately after leaving the House of Representatives,he created the Gephardt Group, which is a consulting and lobbying firm. TheGephardt Group has many large clients and has “brought in” (earned) millions ofdollars. Gephardt has clearly benefited personally from the relationships he builtas an elected representative.Some people argue that the revolving door is “inappropriate” (not acceptable),because it encourages corruption. People and businesses begin to expect“reciprocal privileges.” In other words, if a business does something to support anelected representative, that representative is expected to do something nice forthe business in return.At the same time, other people argue that it is “only natural” (normal; expected)for people in politics to have interests that “overlap with” (be similar to) privatebusiness, and it is not surprising that they would be is a good position to becomelobbyists after they complete their government service.______________Comprehension Questions Correct Answers: 1 – b; 2 – b4These materials are copyrighted by the Center for Educational Development (2013). Posting ofthese materials on another website or distributing them in any way is prohibited.English as a Second Language Podcastwww.eslpod.comESL Podcast 912 – Working as a LobbyistCOMPLETE TRANSCRIPTWelcome to English as a Second Language Podcast number 912 – Working as aLobbyist.This is English as a Second Language Podcast episode 912. I’m your host, Dr.Jeff McQuillan, coming to you from the Center for Educational Development inbeautiful Los Angeles, California.Our website is ESLPod.com. Go there and download a Learning Guide for thisepisode.This episode is a dialogue between Cody and Jada about someone who works totry to influence public policy. Let’s get started.[start of dialog]Cody: You’re not the kind of person I would expect to work as a lobbyist.Jada: Why not?Cody: I picture lobbyists as being kind of pushy and corrupt, using underhandedtactics.Jada: It’s not like that at all, at least not for me. I just use my powers ofpersuasion to help my clients.Cody: So what do you do exactly?Jada: I meet with legislators and try to sway them to support laws that arefavorable to the people and companies I represent, and to discourage them fromvoting for laws that aren’t.Cody: You’re a spokesperson for your clients, then.Jada: I’m more than that. I work for clients in the private sector and incorporations, as well as for special interest groups. I advocate for what wouldbenefit my clients in a way that they can’t do themselves directly.Cody: Isn’t there sometimes a conflict of interest? Let’s say your client thismonth wants a law passed and your client next month doesn’t. What happensthen?5These materials are copyrighted by the Center for Educational Development (2013). Posting ofthese materials on another website or distributing them in any way is prohibited. [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]

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